![]() In response to new scientific developments that showed favorable clinical outcomes of early ART initiation including better viral load suppression, the WHO released a recommendation to provide universal “test and treat” services for people living with HIV in 2016, regardless of their CD4 cell count or WHO clinical stage. A systematic review on the risk of HIV transmission among serodiscordant partners reported that there is a negligible risk of sexual transmission of HIV when an HIV-positive sex partner adheres to ART and maintains a suppressed viral load of 6 months) showed that most of them had maintained undetectable viral load level which is essential for sustained HIV prevention. ART initiation is also considered as HIV prevention strategy due to reduced infectiousness of the person as a result of reduced amount of virus in the blood to undetectable level. The 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) guideline recommends a threshold of 50 copies/mL for viral load suppression after ART initiation as a public health approach. Īttaining viral suppression is the primary goal of ART initiation thereby preventing HIV-related morbidity and mortality through restoration of immunologic function. UNAIDS released a revised “fast-track targets” to achieve 95-95-95 goals for countries to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. This ambitious 90-90-90 target aimed to achieve: 90% of all people living with HIV to know their HIV status, 90% of all people with diagnosed HIV infection to receive sustained ART, and 90% of all people receiving ART to achieve viral suppression by 2020. As part of improving global ART coverage, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) launched global goals towards ending the HIV epidemic through supporting country- and region-led efforts to establish new targets for HIV treatment scale-up in October 2014. It has significantly reduced new infections and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths. The large scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in low- and middle-income countries has resulted in significant gains in improving the life of people living with HIV. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: The authors received no specific funding for this work.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Received: ApAccepted: AugPublished: September 3, 2021 PLoS ONE 16(9):Įditor: Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Perugia, ITALY Citation: Ahmed I, Demissie M, Worku A, Gugsa S, Berhane Y (2021) Virologic outcomes of people living with human immunodeficiency virus who started antiretroviral treatment on the same-day of diagnosis in Ethiopia: A multicenter observational study.
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